ZIP guide: {Something Short and To the Point}

ZIP: Unassigned {numbers are assigned by ZIP editors}
Title: {Something Short and To the Point}
Owners: First Owner <email>
        ...
Credits: First Credited
         ...
Status: Draft
Category: {Consensus | Standards Track | Network | RPC | Wallet | Informational | Process}
Created: yyyy-mm-dd
License: {usually MIT}
Pull-Request: <https://github.com/zcash/zips/pull/253>

Don't Panic

If this is your first time writing a ZIP, the structure and format may look intimidating. But really, it's just meant to reflect common-sense practice and some technical conventions. Feel free to start with a simple initial draft that gets ideas across, even if it doesn't quite follow this format. The community and ZIP editors will help you figure things out and get it into shape later.

{Delete this section.}

Terminology

{Edit this to reflect the key words that are actually used.} The key words "MUST", "REQUIRED", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", and "MAY" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 1 when, and only when, they appear in all capitals.

{Avoid duplicating definitions from other ZIPs. Instead use wording like this:}

The terms "Mainnet" and "Testnet" in this document are to be interpreted as defined in the Zcash protocol specification 5.

The term "full validator" in this document is to be interpreted as defined in the Zcash protocol specification 4.

The terms below are to be interpreted as follows:

{Term to be defined}: {Definition.}
{Another term}: {Definition.}

Abstract

{Describe what this proposal does, typically in a few paragraphs.

The Abstract should only provide a summary of the ZIP; the ZIP should remain complete without the Abstract.

Use links where applicable, e.g. 2 3.}

Motivation

{Why is this proposal needed?

This is one of the most important sections of the ZIP, and should be detailed and comprehensive. It shouldn't include any of the actual specification -- don't put conformance requirements in this section.

Explain the status quo, why the status quo is in need of improvement, and if applicable, the history of how this area has changed. Then describe at a high level why this proposed solution addresses the perceived issues. It is ok if this is somewhat redundant with the abstract, but here you can go into a lot more detail.}

Requirements

{Describe design constraints on, or goals for the solution -- typically one paragraph for each constraint or goal. Again, don't actually specify anything here; this section is primarily for use as a consistency check that what is specified meets the requirements.}

Non-requirements

{This section is entirely optional. If it is present, it describes issues that the proposal is not attempting to address, that someone might otherwise think it does or should.}

Specification

{Replace this entire section.}

The Specification section describes what should change, using precise language and conformance key words. Anything that is required in order to implement the ZIP (or follow its process, in the case of a Process ZIP) should be in this section.

Avoid overspecification! Also avoid underspecification. Specification is hard. Don't be afraid to ask for help.

Feel free to copy from other ZIPs doing similar things, e.g. defining RPC calls, consensus rules, etc.

ZIPs MUST take into account differences between the Zcash Mainnet and Testnet 5 where applicable. A consensus ZIP MUST be able to be deployed on both Mainnet and Testnet.

Unless the specification is particularly simple, you will need to organise it under subheadings.

Example subheading

At least while the ZIP is in Draft, we encourage writing open questions and TODOs.

Open questions

What happens if a full validator can't parse the fandangle as a doohicky?

TODO: define byte encoding for the Jabberwock.

Comparison of ZIPs to RFCs

Like RFCs, ZIPs are precise technical documents that SHOULD give enough implementation information to implement part of a Zcash-related protocol or follow a Zcash-related process 7.

ZIPs are different from RFCs in the following ways:

Many (but not all) ZIPs are "living documents"; they are updated in-place as the relevant areas of the protocol or process change. Unlike in the RFC process, making a change in an area described by a published ZIP does not necessarily require creating a new ZIP, although that is an option if the change is extensive enough to warrant it.
The expected structure of a ZIP is more constrained than an RFC. For example, the Specification section is REQUIRED, and all of the conformance requirements MUST go in that section. The ZIP editors will help you to ensure that things go in the right sections.
Security considerations SHOULD be spread throughout the text, in the places where they are most relevant.

Using mathematical notation

Embedded $\LaTeX$ is allowed and encouraged in ZIPs. The syntax for inline math is ":math:`latex code`" in reStructuredText or " $latex code$ " in Markdown. The rendered HTML will use KaTeX 6, which only supports a subset of $\LaTeX\!$ , so you will need to double-check that the rendering is as intended.

In general the conventions in the Zcash protocol specification SHOULD be followed. If you find this difficult, don't worry too much about it in initial drafts; the ZIP editors will catch any inconsistencies in review.

Notes and warnings

Valid markup

This is optional before publishing a PR, but to check whether a document is valid reStructuredText or Markdown, first install rst2html5 and pandoc. E.g. on Debian-based distros:

sudo apt install python3-pip pandoc perl sed
pip3 install docutils==0.19 rst2html5

Then, with draft-myzip.rst or draft-myzip.md in the root directory of a clone of this repo, run:

make draft-myzip.html

(or just "make") and view draft-myzip.html in a web browser.

Citations and references

Each reference should be given a short name, e.g. "snark" 8. The syntax to cite that reference is "[#snark]_" in reStructuredText, or "[^snark]" in Markdown.

The corresponding entry in the References section should look like this in reStructuredText:

.. [#snark] `The Hunting of the Snark <https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29888/29888-h/29888-h.htm>`_. Lewis Carroll, with illustrations by Henry Holiday. MacMillan and Co. London. March 29, 1876.

or like this in Markdown:

[^snark] [The Hunting of the Snark](https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29888/29888-h/29888-h.htm). Lewis Carroll, with illustrations by Henry Holiday. MacMillan and Co. London. March 29, 1876.

Note that each entry must be on a single line regardless of how long that makes the line. In Markdown there must be a blank line between entries.

The current rendering of a Markdown ZIP reorders the references according to their first use; the rendering of a reStructuredText ZIP keeps them in the same order as in the References section.

To link to another section of the same ZIP, use "`Section title`_" in reStructuredText, or "[Section title]" in Markdown.

Citing the Zcash protocol specification

For references to the Zcash protocol specification, prefer to link to a section anchor, and name the reference as [#protocol-<anchor>]. This makes it more likely that the link will remain valid if sections are renumbered or if content is moved. The anchors in the protocol specification can be displayed by clicking on a section heading in most PDF viewers. References to particular sections should be versioned, even though the link will point to the most recent stable version.

Do not include the "https://zips.z.cash/" part of URLs to ZIPs or the protocol spec.

Reference implementation

{This section is entirely optional; if present, it usually gives links to zcashd or zebrad PRs.}

References

1	Information on BCP 14 — "RFC 2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels" and "RFC 8174: Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words"

2	Zcash Protocol Specification, Version 2022.3.8 or later

3	Zcash Protocol Specification, Version 2022.3.8. Section 1: Introduction

4	Zcash Protocol Specification, Version 2022.3.8. Section 3.3: The Block Chain

5	Zcash Protocol Specification, Version 2022.3.8. Section 3.12: Mainnet and Testnet

6	KaTeX - The fastest math typesetting library for the web

7	ZIP 0: ZIP Process

8	The Hunting of the Snark. Lewis Carroll, with illustrations by Henry Holiday. MacMillan and Co. London. March 29, 1876.